With respect to the types of behaviors potentially induced by a state of cognitive dissonance, Aaronson (Chapter 3 Self-Justification) points out the following: People are capable of rational, adaptive behavior, as well as dissonance-reducing behavior.
What are the behaviors (and limitations) associated with protecting our egos through dissonance reduction? Why might it be very important to admit our mistakes – and why is it that we are usually so reluctant or unable to do so? What steps could we take to facilitate the chances of learning from our mistakes?
Finally, drawing on your personal experiences, describe a situation in which it was relatively easy for you to admit a mistake. Given that situation, what would you consider to be the necessary condition(s) that facilitate being able to face the truth about your behavior in a fairly non-defensive manner?